Ayurvedic Treatment for Hair Fall: A Solutions from Charaka Samhita
Healthy, long, and vibrant hair plays a crucial role in enhancing one’s personality. It is essential to maintain hair health, as it, like the face, serves as a reflection of the body’s overall well-being. In today’s advanced world, people enjoy numerous luxuries and conveniences, but they also face the consequences of a sedentary lifestyle, stressful routines, and poor dietary habits.
These factors disrupt the body’s balance, leading to various health issues, with hair loss being one of the most prominent. The rising prevalence of hair loss is significantly affecting individuals’ quality of life. Chronic hair loss can also take a toll on mental health, with studies showing that the impact of hair loss on a person’s quality of life is comparable to that of severe psoriasis.
Ayurvedic Perspective on Khalitya (Hair Fall)
In Ayurvedic texts, hair fall is referred to as Khalitya and is described in nearly all classical literature. It is categorized under Shiroroga by both Acharya Charaka and Ashtanga Hridaya.
This classification is based on the location of the condition and the similarity in the disease’s origin and development. According to Ashtanga Hridaya, any condition affecting the outer part of the head or scalp is considered Shiroroga.
The Sushruta Samhita, Ashtanga Samgraha, Yoga Ratnakara, and Madhav Nidan also place Khalitya under the category of Kshudra Roga—a classification for minor diseases.
The reason for this categorization lies in the relatively mild nature of the condition. These ailments are not life-threatening and are generally less severe than other major diseases.
Gayadasa further explains that these diseases are considered minor due to the limited intensity of their causes, symptoms, and treatments. However, despite their minor nature, they can still cause significant discomfort and embarrassment to the patient.
Causes of Khalitya (Hair Fall)
The causes of Khalitya (hair fall) have been explored in Ayurvedic literature, including both the Brihat-Trayi and Laghu-Trayi, as well as modern medical texts and recent research.
Khalitya refers to the gradual loss of hair. When the Pitta dosha combines with Vata or Kapha doshas and affects the hair, it leads to Khalitya.
According to Acharya Charaka, the body’s Tejas Dhatu (heat), in conjunction with Vayu and other doshas, scorches the hair roots (scalp), causing a rapid onset of alopecia (hair loss). Another term used for hair fall in Ayurvedic texts is Indralupta, with synonyms like Ruchya and Chach.
Acharya Kartika mentions that the loss of hair from the entire body is referred to as Ruhya. There are distinctions between Khalitya and Indralupta. In Khalitya, hair loss occurs gradually and is generally spread across the scalp. However, in Indralupta, hair falls out suddenly and in patches.
When Kapha dosha combines with Rakta Dhatu, it leads to the degeneration and complete shutdown of hair follicles, resulting in baldness. If Khalitya is caused by Vata, it results in a burning sensation on the scalp. When caused by Pitta, it leads to excessive sweating, while Kapha-induced hair loss results in the thickening of the skin.
Other Factor that Causes Khalitya Roga (Hair Fall)
1. Pitta Dosha Influence
The Usna Guna (hot quality) of Pitta dosha causes individuals with a Pitta constitution to experience hair fall and premature greying earlier than those with other doshic constitutions.
The increased heat and intensity associated with Pitta imbalance disrupt the natural hair cycle, accelerating the onset of hair loss and greying in affected individuals.
2. Aging and Lifestyle Factors
Hair naturally loses its color with age. While aging is genetically predetermined, lifestyle, dietary habits, mental well-being, social and family life, and environmental factors can influence the aging process.
Unfavorable factors may accelerate premature aging. A survey showed that 81.66% of individuals aged 30-40 years with premature aging experienced hair fall. Premature aging could, therefore, contribute to increased hair loss.
3. External and Internal Causative Factors
Various external and internal factors can aggravate the Doshas, leading to Shiroroga (head diseases) and ultimately causing Khalitya (hair loss).
These include excessive exposure to smoke, sunlight, mist, water sports, irregular sleep, excessive sweating, emotional stress, and unhealthy habits. Such factors disturb the Dosha balance, affecting the head region and triggering hair fall.
4. Darunaka (Dandruff)
Imbalances in Kapha and Vayu doshas cause small fissures on the scalp, which become dry and itchy, leading to hair fall.
Sometimes, Pitta and Rakta also get aggravated alongside Kapha and Vayu, contributing to Darunaka (dandruff). Daruna means hard, and while the primary vitiation is in Kapha and Vayu, there is often an association with Pitta and Rakta.
5. Excessive Salt and Kshara Consumption
Overconsumption of salt and alkaline substances (Kshara) can contribute to Khalitya (hair loss). An improper diet, particularly excessive salt intake during pregnancy, may lead to early hair fall in the child by vitiating the Pitta dosha, disrupting the natural balance and causing hair issues.
6. Post-Nasya Procedure
Hair fall can occur if one becomes angry, talks or laughs excessively, sneezes, or exerts too much physical effort after undergoing a Nasya procedure. These actions disrupt the expected recovery process and can result in hair loss and thinning.
7. Imbalance in Asthi Dhatu
Hair formation is closely linked to the waste product of Asthi Dhatu (bone tissue), and its nourishment plays a key role in maintaining hair health.
If there is a decrease or vitiation in Asthi Dhatu, it disrupts the nourishment needed for healthy hair growth, leading to hair fall and potential thinning.
8. Excessive Combing During Ritu Kal
Over-combing of hair during the change of seasons (Ritu Kal) can cause hair fall, especially in children. The hair is more sensitive during seasonal transitions, and excessive combing can strain the hair follicles, leading to increased hair shedding.
9. Causes According to Modern Science
Modern research indicates that hair fall can be triggered by various factors, including nutritional disorders, local skin conditions, endocrine diseases, post-acute illnesses, stress, the use of certain medications, cosmetics, and genetic predisposition. These factors disrupt the natural hair growth cycle, contributing to hair thinning and loss.
Ayurvedic Approach to Khalitya (Hair Fall)
Hair fall can be a primary condition or a symptom of other disorders. Due to its varied causes, a thorough approach is essential for proper diagnosis and treatment.
A detailed history, including medical, family, and personal history, along with a general examination, is crucial. The scalp and body should also be carefully examined for any abnormalities.
1. Nidanparivarjan (Prevention and Avoidance of Causative Factors)
- Causative & Risk Factors: Identification and avoidance of causative factors and risk factors are crucial for preventing hair fall. Individuals with Pitta Prakriti (a type of body constitution) are more prone to hair fall and should follow specific Ayurvedic guidelines for diet and habits.
- Seasonal Considerations: The rainy and autumn seasons are challenging for individuals with Pitta dosha or a genetic predisposition to hair fall. During these seasons, it’s important to follow routines tailored to them.
- Rasayana Therapy: For hair fall due to premature aging, Rasayana therapy (rejuvenation therapy) with Vayasthapana (youth-promoting) drugs is recommended.
- Protection from External Factors: Hair fall patients should protect themselves from environmental factors like dust, smoke, fog, cold water, and excessive sunlight. Daytime sleep and late-night awakenings should also be avoided.
- Dietary Guidelines: The excessive use of salt and Kshara (alkaline substances) should be avoided, and harsh chemicals used in hair care should be minimized.
2. Hair Care (Samhita Guidelines for Healthy Hair)
- Moordha Tail (Oiling): Regular oiling of the scalp with mustard or coconut oil helps nourish hair follicles, prevent hair fall, and strengthen hair. It also makes the hair long, black, and deep-rooted.
- Nasya (Nasal Drops): Using Anu Tail nasal drops every year during the rainy, autumn, and spring seasons nourishes the srotas (channels) above the clavicle, strengthening hair follicles and reducing hair fall.
- Snana (Bathing): Hair should not be washed with very hot or cold water. Mild, chemical-free shampoos made from herbs like henna, Bringraj, Jatamansi, and Shikakai should be used for washing hair, ideally three times a week.
- Dhoomapana (Medicated Smoke): The use of medicated smoke can clear doshas (imbalances) from the head area and improve the firmness and strength of the hair.
- Kshaurakarma (Hair Cutting and Grooming): Regular haircuts and scalp care are important. According to Acharya Charaka, hair, nails, and shaving should be done at least thrice every fortnight.
- Ushnishka (Head Covering): Wearing a turban or cap (ushnishka) protects hair from environmental factors like dust, heat, and wind.
3. Purification Procedure (Panchakarma)
- Vamana, Virechana, Vasti, and Rakta Mokshana: These detoxification therapies help balance the doshas. Since hair fall is primarily associated with Pitta dosha, Virechana (purgation) and Rakta Mokshana (bloodletting) are commonly recommended for patients with hair fall and baldness.
Medicated Oils for Shiroabhyanga (Head Massage)
1. Neeli Tail (Sushrut)
Neeli Tail is an oil that is often used in Ayurvedic treatments to promote hair growth and treat hair fall. It is especially beneficial for individuals suffering from baldness or premature graying. This oil is believed to strengthen the hair roots and nourish the scalp.
2. Sairiyaka Tail (Sushrut)
This oil is typically used for promoting healthy hair and addressing scalp-related issues. It may also help to reduce excessive dryness of the scalp and promote the growth of thick, healthy hair.
3. Mahaneel Tail (A.H.)
Mahaneel Tail is another oil that is used in Ayurveda to strengthen hair and improve its texture. It helps in reducing hair fall, preventing dandruff, and maintaining the health of the scalp.
4. Snuhyadi Tail (Chakradutta)
This oil is composed of various herbs, including Snuhya (Euphorbia), which is known for its soothing properties. Snuhyadi Tail is used to reduce scalp inflammation, soothe irritation, and encourage hair growth.
5. Chandanadhya Tail (Chakradutta)
Chandanadhya Tail is an oil that contains Chandan (Sandalwood), which is known for its cooling and calming properties. This oil is used to reduce scalp irritation and promote healthy hair growth by nourishing the scalp.
6. Mulethi + Amlalaki + Milk + Tail Paka (Chakradutta)
This is a combination of Mulethi (Licorice), Amla (Indian Gooseberry), milk, and tail (oil). The combination is believed to nourish the hair and scalp, prevent hair fall, and promote thick, black hair. Amla is rich in Vitamin C and antioxidants, while Mulethi helps soothe the scalp and prevent dandruff.
Benefits of These Medicated Oils
- Nourishing the Scalp: These oils help nourish the scalp and provide essential nutrients to the hair follicles.
- Preventing Hair Fall: Regular use of these oils helps in reducing hair fall by strengthening the hair roots and improving blood circulation to the scalp.
- Promoting Hair Growth: The oils improve hair growth and restore the natural texture of the hair.
- Soothing and Cooling: Some of these oils have cooling properties (like Chandanadhya Tail) that help calm the scalp and reduce irritation, dandruff, and dryness.
Pastes for Local Application Over Scalp
These Ayurvedic pastes are applied locally on the scalp to treat hair-related issues such as hair fall, thinning, and scalp irritation.
By combining herbs like Amla, Bhringraj, Kapikakshu, and Mulethi, along with substances like honey and milk, these pastes help nourish, strengthen, and rejuvenate hair, ensuring its overall health.
1. Madhuka, Amla + Honey (A.S.)
Madhuka (Licorice), Amla (Indian Gooseberry), and Honey are combined to create a paste. Madhuka is known for its soothing properties, Amla strengthens hair and prevents premature graying, and Honey moisturizes and nourishes the scalp. This paste can help reduce hair fall, promote hair growth, and maintain scalp health.
2. Tila, Amla + Honey + Oil (A.S.)
A combination of Tila (Sesame seeds), Amla, Honey, and oil creates a nourishing paste. Tila is rich in nutrients and essential oils that nourish and strengthen hair follicles. Amla provides vitamin C and antioxidants, while Honey helps with moisturizing. This paste is ideal for preventing dryness and promoting healthy hair growth.
3. Kapikakshu Mool + Aksha Tail in Iron Vessel (A.S.)
Kapikakshu (Mucuna pruriens), a herb with various medicinal properties, is combined with Aksha Tail (a specific Ayurvedic oil). When prepared in an iron vessel, it helps to strengthen the hair and promote its growth. This paste nourishes the scalp and can be used to reduce hair thinning and improve texture.
4. Dugdhika Karveera + Milk (A.S.)
Dugdhika Karveera (a form of Nerium oleander, commonly used in Ayurvedic treatments) is combined with milk to form a paste. This combination is used to soothe the scalp, prevent dandruff, and reduce scalp irritation. It has cleansing and strengthening properties for hair.
5. Kapalaranjaka Lepa (Chakradutta)
Kapalaranjaka is a specific Ayurvedic formulation designed to improve hair health and prevent hair fall. It is commonly used for promoting hair growth and maintaining the vitality of the hair by nourishing the scalp and follicles.
6. Bhringpushadi Lepa (Chakradutta)
Bhringpushadi is a well-known Ayurvedic remedy for hair growth. This paste is often used to prevent hair fall and encourage the growth of thick, black hair. It is considered especially beneficial for strengthening the hair roots and improving overall scalp health.
7. Mandoor Bhasma + Amla Churna + Japapushpa Then Wash with Triphala Kwath
Mandoor Bhasma (iron-based ash), Amla Churna, and Japapushpa (Hibiscus flower) are mixed together to form a paste. This mixture is then washed off with Triphala Kwath (a decoction made from three fruits: Amla, Haritaki, and Bibhitaki). This treatment helps detoxify and rejuvenate the scalp, improving circulation and strengthening hair.
8. Ayas Churna + Triphala + Sour Liquid (Chakradutta)
A combination of Ayas Churna (iron-based powder), Triphala, and a sour liquid (possibly vinegar or lemon juice) is used in this paste. The iron content in Ayas Churna strengthens the hair roots, while Triphala provides antioxidants and promotes scalp health. The sour liquid may help balance the pH of the scalp and enhance the effectiveness of the paste.
Benefits of These Pastes
- Nourishing the Scalp: The pastes nourish the scalp, hydrate it, and keep it free from excess oils or dryness.
- Strengthening Hair: Ingredients like Amla, Tila, and Bhringpushadi strengthen hair roots and improve the quality and texture of hair.
- Promoting Hair Growth: These pastes stimulate hair follicles, which may accelerate hair growth and reduce hair fall.
- Preventing Scalp Issues: They help soothe irritation, dandruff, and inflammation of the scalp, promoting overall scalp health.
- Detoxifying: Some of the formulations, like the one with Mandoor Bhasma and Triphala Kwath, detoxify the scalp and remove impurities.
Medicated Oils for Nasal Medication (Nasya)
1. Anu Tail Nasya (A.S.)
Anu Tail is a medicated oil commonly used for Nasya therapy. It contains a variety of herbs and oils that work to clear the nasal passages, balance the doshas (especially Vata and Kapha), and improve overall respiratory health. It is particularly beneficial for maintaining healthy nasal mucosa and is known to support hair growth by nourishing the srotas (channels) above the clavicle, which include the hair follicles.
2. Brihatyadi Navana (A.S.)
Brihatyadi Navana is an oil used in Nasya therapy to treat a variety of conditions related to the head, eyes, ears, and hair. This oil is often used to balance excess Pitta and Vata doshas, which can contribute to conditions like hair fall and scalp irritation. The oil helps soothe the sinuses, improving nasal health and promoting a calm, clear mind.
3. Sahacharadi Navana (A.S.)
Sahacharadi Navana is another therapeutic oil used for Nasya. It contains Sahachara (the herb Sahachara), which is known for its anti-inflammatory and detoxifying properties. This oil is typically used to clear the nasal passages and calm any Pitta or Vata imbalances. It also helps with alleviating headaches, improving hair health, and promoting clarity of thought.
4. Nimba Tail (Chakradutta)
Nimba Tail is derived from Nimba (Neem), a powerful herb known for its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. When used in Nasya therapy, Nimba Tail helps cleanse and detoxify the head region, promote scalp health, and reduce hair fall. It also balances Kapha and Pitta doshas, which can contribute to conditions like dandruff and scalp infections.
5. Bhringaraja Rasa + Mulethi + Milk + Tail Paka (Chakradutta)
This combination of Bhringaraja Rasa (a rejuvenating herb for hair health), Mulethi (Licorice), milk, and tail paka (medicated oil) is used in Nasya therapy to nourish the head region, improve hair growth, and strengthen the nervous system. The herbal ingredients help balance the doshas and promote healthy hair follicles by improving circulation and removing impurities from the body.
Benefits of Nasya with These Medicated Oils
- Nourishment for Hair: Nasya therapy is beneficial for individuals experiencing hair fall, as it nourishes the hair follicles and stimulates hair growth.
- Balancing Doshas: These oils help balance the Vata, Pitta, and Kapha doshas, which are often implicated in conditions like hair loss, scalp irritation, and premature graying.
- Respiratory and Sinus Health: Nasya oils also clear the nasal passages, improve respiratory function, and provide relief from sinus-related issues, headaches, and congestion.
- Mental Clarity and Focus: Regular Nasya therapy promotes mental clarity, reduces stress, and enhances cognitive function.
- Detoxification: The oils help detoxify the head region, remove excess mucus or toxins, and provide general head and neck wellness.
Yoga & Rasayana for Hair Fall Mentioned in Charaka Samhita
1. Agastya Haritaki
Agastya Haritaki is a combination of Agastya (a herb named after the sage Agastya) and Haritaki (Terminalia chebula), which is one of the three fruits in Triphala. This formulation is known for its rejuvenating and detoxifying properties. It helps to balance Vata and Pitta doshas, which are often responsible for hair fall. It can also improve digestion and detoxify the body, indirectly promoting healthy hair.
2. Kankarishta
Kankarishta is a herbal tonic that primarily helps with Pitta and Kapha imbalances. It is often used to improve the overall health of the digestive system and strengthen the hair follicles. Kankarishta is known for promoting overall vitality and preventing premature graying and hair loss.
3. Dwipanchmool Ghrita
Dwipanchmool Ghrita is a medicated ghee made with a combination of five roots (Pancha Moola). It is considered effective for balancing the doshas, especially Vata and Pitta. It is known for its rejuvenating properties, particularly for the skin and hair, and is used to prevent hair loss and promote hair growth.
4. Amalaki Rasayana
Amalaki Rasayana is a well-known rejuvenating formulation made primarily from Amalaki (Indian Gooseberry), which is rich in Vitamin C and antioxidants. This rasayana helps in strengthening hair follicles, preventing premature graying, and boosting overall hair health. It also acts as an immune booster, promoting general wellness and vitality.
Navayas Lauha is an Ayurvedic iron-based formulation that is used to treat conditions related to weakness and deficiencies in the body. It is beneficial for rejuvenating tissues, including the hair follicles. Since iron deficiency is a common cause of hair loss, Navayas Lauha helps to improve the quality and strength of hair by restoring nutritional balance in the body.
6. Mandoora Bhasma
Mandoora Bhasma is an Ayurvedic preparation made from Mandoora (a type of iron) that is used for its rejuvenating and blood-purifying properties. It is commonly used to treat conditions related to anemia and iron deficiency, both of which can contribute to hair loss. This bhasma helps nourish the hair follicles, improve circulation to the scalp, and strengthen hair.
Summary of Benefits
- Agastya Haritaki: Balances doshas, detoxifies, and rejuvenates the body, supporting healthy hair.
- Kankarishta: Improves digestion and vitality, promoting healthy hair growth.
- Dwipanchmool Ghrita: Rejuvenates hair and skin, balances doshas, and promotes hair growth.
- Amalaki Rasayana: Rich in antioxidants and Vitamin C, strengthens hair follicles, prevents premature graying.
- Navayas Lauha: Improves iron levels, rejuvenates tissues, and strengthens hair.
- Mandoora Bhasma: Purifies blood, restores iron levels, and nourishes hair follicles.
These formulations and therapies are aimed at enhancing overall health, promoting hair growth, and preventing hair fall by balancing the doshas, nourishing the scalp, and rejuvenating the body. Regular use of these yogas and rasayanas can help address both the root causes of hair fall and maintain.
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